Scoping report for a TFCA across the Liuwa-Mussuma Landscape

Overview of the LMTFCA The LMTFCA aims to restore ecological connectivity between Angola and Zambia, focusing on the Liuwa Plain National Park in Zambia and the Mussuma region in Angola. ​ The area is part of the Bulozi floodplains, a vital ecosystem for biodiversity, water regulation, carbon sequestration, and local livelihoods. ​ The initiative seeks to revive Africa’s second-largest wildebeest migration and support large carnivores like lions, cheetahs, and hyenas. ​ Challenges Wildlife Decline: Severe hunting pressure, habitat degradation, and human-wildlife conflict have led to significant declines in mammal populations, especially in Angola. ​ Uncontrolled Fires: Frequent fires, often set by humans, are damaging ecosystems and reducing biodiversity. ​ Deforestation: Driven by agriculture and illegal logging, deforestation is a major issue in the Mussuma region. ​ Mining Threats: Expanding mining activities in Angola pose risks to water quality, biodiversity, and local livelihoods. ​ Human-Wildlife Conflict: Livestock predation, crop destruction, and human attacks by wildlife are significant concerns for local communities. ​ Opportunities Community Engagement: Local communities are interested in conservation, tourism, and sustainable development. ​ Wildlife Recovery: The proximity to Liuwa Plain National Park offers potential for natural recolonization and species recovery. ​ Capacity Building: Training programs and partnerships with local and international organizations are strengthening conservation efforts. ​ Ecotourism: Opportunities for birdwatching and other niche tourism markets could provide economic benefits. ​ Recommendations Short-Term Actions Conduct mine clearance and establish essential infrastructure like a base camp and aviation strip. ​ Engage communities in wildlife monitoring and participatory land-use planning. ​ Launch public consultations for conservation area establishment. ​ Develop human-wildlife coexistence models and regulate lagoon use. Long-Term Actions Formalize the TFCA through bilateral agreements between Angola and Zambia. ​ Restore connectivity with Cameia and Mavinga National Parks and Western Moxico. ​ Implement community-based natural resource management (CBNRM) and secure community land tenure. ​ Promote climate-resilient conservation and restore Cameia National Park. ​ Research Priorities Monitor wildlife recovery and movement. ​ Study fire regimes, climate change impacts, and sustainable agriculture. ​ Investigate human-wildlife conflict and socio-spatial land-use transitions. ​ Conclusion The LMTFCA represents a transformative opportunity for ecological restoration, community empowerment, and cross-border cooperation. ​ By addressing threats like hunting, habitat loss, and mining, and fostering community-led conservation, the initiative can secure long-term benefits for biodiversity, local livelihoods, and global conservation goals. ​