The SADC Protocol on Wildlife Conservation and Law Enforcement (1999) defines a transfrontier conservation area (TFCA) as “the area or component of a large ecological region that straddles the boundaries of two or more countries encompassing one or more protected areas as well as multiple use areas” and commits SADC Member States “to promote the conservation of shared wildlife resources through the establishment of TFCAs” (Article 4, objective 2f).

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